1250BC First day of the Tyrean Era

202BC Battle of Zama: Scipio defeats Hannibal, effectively ending the Second Punic War

63BC Cicero learns of Catiline's Conspiracy

439 Genseric's Vandals take Carthage from the Romans

1448 Second Battle of Kosovo: Ottomans defeat the Hungarians

1453 French capture Bordeaux from the English: The Hundred Years' War ends

1466 Second Peace of Thorn: Teutonic Knights submit to Polish sovereignty and cede Pomerania

1469 Ferdinand II of Aragon (17) wed Isabella of Castile (18) at in Valladolid, leading to the unification Spain

1540 Battle of Mobile: de Soto's Spaniards defeat the Choctaw

1765 Stamp Act Congress meets

1781 Siege of Yorktown: The ceremonial surrender of Lord Cornwallis's British to George Washington's Franco-American forces, effective end of the Revolutionary War

1793 Maj Napoleone Buonaparte, 24, is promoted to general of brigade for his role in organizing the grand battery during the Siege of Toulon

1812 Napoleon begins his retreat from Moscow

1813 Battle of Leipzig, Day 4: Napoleon routed by the Austrians, Russians, & Prussians

1818 US & the Chicasaw sign a treaty

1861 Skirmish at Big Hurricane Creek, Mo

1863 Battle of Buckland Mills, Va

1864 Battle of Cedar Creek: Phil Sheridan defeats Jubal Early

1864 Battle of St. Albans, Vt.: Confederate raiders attack the town but are routed by local citizens

1879 William Tecumseh Sherman says "War is hell"

1888 Palestinian Arabs attack the Jewish settlement of Moshav Gederah

1912 Tripoli passes from Turkish to Italian control

1915 Russia and Italy declare war on Bulgaria

1915 USN establishes a submarine base at New London, Ct.

1921 Ticker tape parade on Broadway for Marshal Armando V. Diaz, who restored the Italian Army after Caporetto and led it to victory

1925 The War of the Dog: A stray dog initiates a ten day border incident between Greece & Bulgaria

1926 Russian Politburo expels Trotsky & his followers

1935 Red Chinese "Long March" ends (from Oct 21, 1934)

1950 UN forces enter Pyongyang, capital of North Korea

1951 Pres Truman formally ends state of war with Germany

1987 US warships destroy Iranian oil platforms in Persian Gulf